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III. Major Tasks for 2009

今年的政府工作，要以应对国际金融危机、促进经济平稳较快发展为主线，统筹兼顾，突出重点，全面实施促进经济平稳较快发展的一揽子计划。

This year, our government work will give high priority to dealing with the global financial crisis and promoting steady and rapid economic development. We will take a coordinated approach, stress key areas, and fully implement a package plan to ensure steady and rapid economic development.

大规模增加政府投资，实施总额4万亿元的两年投资计划，其中中央政府拟新增1.18万亿元，实行结构性减税，扩大国内需求；大范围实施调整振兴产业规划，提高国民经济整体竞争力；大力推进自主创新，加强科技支撑，增强发展后劲；大幅度提高社会保障水平，扩大城乡就业，促进社会事业发展。

We will dramatically increase government investment by launching a four trillion yuan two-year investment plan, for which the central government has pledged 1.18 trillion yuan, and implement a structural tax reduction in order to stimulate domestic demand. We will also implement a massive plan to adjust and reinvigorate industries to raise the overall competitiveness of the economy; vigorously promote independent innovation and provide scientific and technological support to increase the sustaining power of development; and significantly increase social security benefits, expand urban and rural employment and promote development of social programs.

以实施一揽子计划为重点，今年要着力抓好以下七方面工作：

To implement this package plan, we will concentrate our efforts on the following seven areas.

（一）加强和改善宏观调控，保持经济平稳较快发展

1. Improving and strengthening macro control and maintaining steady and rapid economic development

要坚持灵活审慎的调控方针，提高宏观调控的应变能力和实际效果，尽快扭转经济增速下滑趋势，保持经济平稳较快发展。

We need to adhere to a flexible and prudent control policy to make our macro control more responsive to changes and more results-oriented. We will reverse the slowdown in economic growth as soon as possible and maintain steady and rapid economic development.

实施积极的财政政策。

We will implement a proactive fiscal policy.

一是大幅度增加政府支出，这是扩大内需最主动、最直接、最有效的措施。今年财政收支紧张的矛盾十分突出。一方面，经济增速放缓、减轻企业和居民税负必然会使财政收入增速下降；另一方面，为刺激经济增长、改善民生和深化改革，又需要大幅度增加投资和政府支出。

First, we will significantly increase government spending. This is the most active, direct and efficient way we can expand domestic demand. There will be a large discrepancy between government revenues and expenditures this year. On the one hand, a slowdown in economic growth and the reduction of tax burdens on enterprises and individuals will inevitably slow the growth of government revenues. On the other hand, we must significantly increase investment and government expenditures to stimulate economic growth, improve people's lives and deepen reform.

为弥补财政减收增支形成的缺口，拟安排中央财政赤字7500亿元，比上年增加5700亿元，同时国务院同意地方发行2000亿元债券，由财政部代理发行，列入省级预算管理。全国财政赤字合计9500亿元，占国内生产总值比重在3%以内，虽然当年赤字增加较多，但由于前几年连续减少赤字，发债空间较大，累计国债余额占国内生产总值比重20%左右，这是我国综合国力可以承受的，总体上也是安全的。

To cover the shortfall arising from the decline in government revenues and growth in expenditures, we have set this year's central government deficit at 750 billion yuan, 570 billion yuan more than last year. In addition, the State Council will allow local governments to issue 200 billion yuan worth of government bonds through the Ministry of Finance, which will go into provincial budgets. These will add up to a 950 billion yuan deficit, accounting for less than 3% of the GDP. Although the deficit will increase significantly this year, the constant drop in government deficits in previous years provides room to issue more bonds this year, and the ratio of the cumulative balance of outstanding government bonds to GDP, which is around 20%, is within the acceptable range of what our overall national strength can bear and is therefore safe.

二是实行结构性减税和推进税费改革。采取减税、退税或抵免税等多种方式减轻企业和居民税负，促进企业投资和居民消费，增强微观经济活力。初步测算，今年全面实施增值税转型，落实已出台的中小企业、房地产和证券交易相关税收优惠以及出口退税等方面政策，加上取消和停征100项行政事业性收费，可减轻企业和居民负担约5000亿元。

Second, we will carry out structural tax reduction and promote reform of taxes and fees. We will reduce tax burdens on enterprises and individuals by a variety of means such as tax cuts, rebates and exemptions to encourage enterprise investment and consumer spending and invigorate the micro-economy. Preliminary calculations indicate that the burdens on enterprises and individuals will fall by approximately 500 billion yuan this year as the result of comprehensively carrying out VAT reform; implementing existing preferential tax policies on small and medium-sized enterprises, the real estate industry and securities transactions and export rebate policies; and rescinding or suspending 100 administrative charges.

三是优化财政支出结构。继续加大对重点领域投入，严格控制一般性开支，努力降低行政成本。

Third, we will optimize the structure of government expenditures. We will continue to increase investment in key areas, strictly control regular expenditures, and do everything we can to reduce administrative costs.

实施适度宽松的货币政策。货币政策要在促进经济增长方面发挥更加积极的作用。

We will follow a moderately easy monetary policy and give monetary policy a more active role to play in promoting economic growth.

一是改善金融调控。保证货币信贷总量满足经济发展需求，广义货币增长17%左右，新增贷款5万亿元以上。

First, we will improve financial control. We will increase the broad money supply by about 17% and grant over five trillion yuan in additional loans to ensure that the supply of money and credit meets the requirements of economic development.

二是优化信贷结构。加强对信贷投向的监测和指导，加大对“三农”、中小企业等薄弱环节的金融支持，切实解决一些企业融资难问题。严格控制对高耗能、高污染和产能过剩行业企业的贷款。

Second, we will improve the credit structure. We will strengthen monitoring and guidance of the flow of credit, increase financial support for weak links such as agriculture, rural areas and farmers as well as small and medium-sized enterprises, and effectively resolve the problem some businesses have in getting financing. We will strictly control lending to industries and enterprises that are energy intensive or highly polluting or have excess production capacity.

三是进一步理顺货币政策传导机制，保证资金渠道畅通。充分发挥各类金融机构的优势和特点，创新和改进金融服务，满足合理资金需求，形成金融促进经济发展的合力。

Third, we will improve the mechanism for transmitting monetary policy and guarantee the smooth flow of funds. We will make full use of the advantages and special features of all kinds of financial institutions, innovate and improve financial services, satisfy reasonable requests for financing, and create a synergy for finance to promote economic development.

四是加强和改进金融监管。各类金融企业都要加强风险管理，增强抵御风险能力。处理好金融创新、金融开放与金融监管的关系。加强跨境资本流动监测和管理，维护金融稳定和安全。

Fourth, we will strengthen and improve financial oversight and supervision. All kinds of financial enterprises need to strengthen risk management and become better able to withstand risks. We will ensure that there is a proper balance between innovation, opening up, and oversight and supervision in the financial sector. We will strengthen monitoring and supervision of cross-border capital flows and maintain financial stability and security.

要加强产业、贸易、土地、投资、就业政策与财政、货币政策的一致性和协调性，形成调控合力。

We need to make our fiscal and monetary policies more consistent and coordinated with our industrial, trade, land, investment and employment policies to create a control synergy.

（二）积极扩大国内需求特别是消费需求，增强内需对经济增长的拉动作用

2. Actively boosting domestic demand, especially consumer demand, and strengthening the role of domestic demand in driving economic growth

一是扩大消费尤其是居民消费。继续调整收入分配格局，提高劳动报酬占国民收入的比重，增加政府支出用于改善民生、扩大消费的比重，增加对城镇低收入群众和农民的补贴。要培育消费热点，拓展消费空间。完善汽车消费政策，加快发展二手车市场和汽车租赁市场，引导和促进汽车合理消费。大力发展社区商业、物业、家政等便民消费，加快发展旅游休闲消费，扩大文化娱乐、体育健身等服务消费，积极发展网络动漫等新型消费。完善消费政策，优化消费环境。加快建设“万村千乡”市场工程，推进连锁经营向农村延伸。要加强城乡消费设施和服务体系建设，规范市场秩序，维护消费者合法权益。抓紧研究出台鼓励消费的政策措施，积极发展消费信贷。做好“家电下乡”、“农机下乡”、“汽车、摩托车下乡”等工作，把中央财政的400亿元补贴资金用好用活，使企业增加销售、农民得到实惠。

First, we will expand consumption, especially individual consumption. We will continue to adjust income distribution, raise the proportion of the national income that goes to wages, increase the proportion of government spending dedicated to improving people's lives and expanding consumption, and increase subsidies to farmers and low-income urban residents. We need to cultivate areas of high consumer demand and expand consumption in new areas. We will improve the policy on automobile consumption, accelerate development of markets for second-hand cars and car rental, and guide and promote rational spending on automobiles. We will vigorously expand consumption that makes people's lives easier, such as community-based businesses, property management and household services; accelerate development of tourism and leisure consumption; increase consumption in culture, recreation, sports and fitness services; and vigorously expand consumption in new areas such as the Internet and animation. We will improve consumption policies and the consumption environment. We will accelerate the project to encourage retailers to open stores in more townships and villages, and encourage commercial chains to open more outlets in rural areas. We will intensify the development of consumption facilities and service networks in both urban and rural areas, rectify order in the market, and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of consumers. We will promptly work out and introduce policies and measures to encourage consumption, and vigorously develop consumer credit. We will do all the work of implementing the programs for bringing home appliances, agricultural machinery, and automobiles and motorbikes to the countryside well, and we will make effective and flexible use of the 40 billion yuan in central government subsidies provided to get enterprises to increase their sales and enable farmers to enjoy real benefits.

二是保持投资较快增长和优化投资结构。今年中央政府投资总额9080亿元，主要用于保障性住房、教育、卫生、文化等民生工程建设，节能环保和生态建设，技术改造与科技创新，铁路、高速公路、农田水利等重点基础设施建设和地震灾后恢复重建。政府投资必须用在应对危机最关键的地方，用在经济社会发展的薄弱环节，绝不能用于一般加工工业。要抓紧研究出台鼓励引导社会投资的优惠政策。通过发布信息、加强引导，支持社会资本投向符合国家产业政策的领域，鼓励企业增加研发和技改投资。我们的每一分钱都来自人民，必须对人民负责。所有工程建设都要坚持百年大计、质量第一，给子孙后代留下宝贵财富。

Second, we will maintain rapid growth in investment and improve the investment structure. The central government plans to invest 908 billion yuan this year. Government investment will focus on projects to improve people's lives such as those for developing low-income housing, education, heath care and culture; projects to conserve energy, protect the environment, improve the ecosystem, upgrade technologies, and make scientific and technological innovations; projects to make key infrastructure improvements, including farmland improvement and water conservancy projects, railways, and freeways; and post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction. We must channel government investment to areas where it best counteracts the effects of the global financial crisis and to weak areas in economic and social development, and no government investment will be made in the regular processing industries. We will promptly work out and introduce preferential policies to encourage and guide non-governmental investment. We need to support non-governmental investment in areas favored by state industrial policies and encourage enterprises to increase spending on R&D and technological upgrading through proper release of information and improved guidance. All government money comes from the people, and we must spend every penny responsibly. We will make every effort to ensure that all construction projects meet high quality standards and are built to last and be passed onto our future generations as valuable legacy.

三是促进房地产市场稳定健康发展。采取更加积极有效的政策措施，稳定市场信心和预期，稳定房地产投资，推动房地产业平稳有序发展。加快落实和完善促进保障性住房建设的政策措施，争取用三年时间，解决750万户城市低收入住房困难家庭和240万户林区、垦区、煤矿等棚户区居民的住房问题。中央财政将加大对廉租房建设和棚户区改造的投资支持力度，适当提高中西部地区补助标准；今年拟安排430亿元，用于补助低保住房困难家庭的实物廉租房建设。选择一些有条件的地区进行试点，把部分住房公积金闲置资金补充用于经济适用住房建设。积极发展公共租赁住房。落实好支持居民购买自住性和改善性住房的信贷、税收和其他政策。对符合条件的第二套普通自住房购买者，比照执行首次贷款购买普通自住房的优惠政策；对住房转让环节营业税，按不同年限实行有区别的税收减免政策；促进普通商品住房消费和供给，加大对中小套型、中低价位普通商品房建设的信贷支持。加快发展二手房市场和住房租赁市场。鼓励引导各地因地制宜稳定和发展房地产市场，加强住房市场分类管理。继续整顿房地产市场秩序，规范交易行为。帮助进城农民工解决住房困难问题。扩大农村危房改造试点范围。深化城镇住房制度改革，满足居民多层次住房需求，努力实现居者有其屋的目标。

Third, we will promote the steady and healthy development of the real estate market. We will adopt even more vigorous and effective policies and measures to stabilize market confidence and expectations, keep real estate investment stable, and promote steady and orderly development of the real estate industry. We will speed up implementation and improvement of policies and measures to promote development of low-income housing projects. Wewill strive to solve the housing problems of 7.5 million low-income urban families and 2.4 million families living in shantytowns in forests, on reclaimed land and around coalmines within three years. This year, the central government will allocate 49.3 billion yuan for the construction of low-income housing to increase funding for developing low-rent housing and improving housing conditions in shantytowns, and increase housing subsidies for the central and western regions by an appropriate amount. We will expand the pilot program for renovating dilapidated houses in rural areas and build permanent housing for nomads in ethnic minority areas. A pilot program will be launched in selected places where conditions permit to use the idle portion of the housing accumulation fund to support development of affordable housing. We will vigorously develop public rental housing. We will effectively implement credit, tax and other policies to support people in purchasing homes and making home improvements. Individuals who meet relevant criteria and apply for bank loans to support the purchase of a second home for personal use will enjoy similar preferential lending policies that apply to the purchase of first homes. We will implement the policy to reduce or exempt the business tax on housing transfers to varying degrees based on the age of the housing. We will expand consumption and supply of ordinary commercial housing, and increase credit support for building small and medium-sized condominiums at low and medium price levels. We will speed up development of the market for second-hand homes and the home rental market. We will encourage and guide local governments to stabilize and develop their real estate market in light of local conditions, and strengthen supervision of the housing market by type. We will continue to rectify order in the real estate market, and standardize transactions. We will help rural migrant workers in cities solve their housing problems. We will deepen reform of the urban housing system to meet people's multilevel housing demand, and strive to ensure adequate housing for everyone.

四是加快推进地震灾区恢复重建。抓紧全面实施灾后恢复重建总体规划，中央财政今年再安排1300亿元灾后重建资金。加快灾区城乡居民住房恢复重建，实行维修和加固与新建相结合。基本完成因灾倒塌和严重损毁农房重建任务，保证受灾群众在今年底前住进新房。加快地震灾区学校恢复建设，确保今年底95%以上的学生都能在永久性校舍中学习。继续推进交通、通信、能源、水利等基础设施恢复重建。搞好地质灾害防治、生态修复、环境整治和灾毁耕地复耕。结合实施重点产业调整振兴规划，加快灾区产业重建与发展。继续搞好对口支援和专项援助，管好用好灾后重建资金和物资。灾后重建要加大力度，加快进度，力争在两年内基本完成原定三年的目标任务，让灾区人民早日过上更加幸福美好的生活。

Fourth, we will accelerate recovery and reconstruction of areas hit by the Wenchuan earthquake. We will promptly and fully implement the master plan for post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction. The central government will allocate 130 billion yuan for this purpose this year. We will quickly rebuild homes for quake-affected urban and rural residents by combining repair and reinforcement of existing housing with construction of new housing. We will basically complete reconstruction of rural houses collapsed or badly damaged during the earthquake, and ensure quake-stricken residents can move into new houses by the end of this year. We will accelerate rebuilding of schools in the quake zone and ensure that more than 95% of the students whose school buildings were destroyed in the earthquake will have permanent school buildings. We will continue work to repair and rebuild infrastructure such as transportation, communications, energy and water conservancy facilities. We will effectively prevent and control geological disasters, restore the ecosystem, improve the environment, and resume cultivation of damaged arable land. We will speed up industrial rebuilding and development in the quake zone on the basis of the plan to adjust and reinvigorate key industries. We will continue to provide one-to-one assistance and special aid to the quake zone and manage and use funds, goods and materials for post-earthquake reconstruction well. We will intensify and accelerate post-earthquake reconstruction and strive to basically reach the targets in two years that had originally been set for three, so that residents of the quake zone can begin to live a happier life as soon as possible.