国新办于2008年10月20日（星期一）上午10时举行新闻发布会，请国家统计局新闻发言人、国民经济综合统计司司长李晓超介绍今年前三季度国民经济运行情况，并回答记者提问。
前三季度国民经济保持平稳较快发展
（2008年10月20日）
中华人民共和国国家统计局新闻发言人 李晓超
National economic performance in the 1st three quarter
Li Xiaochao, Spokesman of National Bureau of Statistics
20 October 2008
今年以来，面对国内接连不断发生的严重自然灾害的冲击和世界经济金融形势振荡多变的不利影响，中央审时度势，果断决策，采取了一系列宏观调控措施，国民经济保持平稳较快发展，总体运行良好。
In the first three quarters of 2008, faced with the sequential severe natural disasters and the negative impacts brought about by the world economic and financial turmoil, the central government took stock of the situation, made decisions resolutely and adopted an array of macro-control policies. As a result, the national economy kept a steady and fast growth with a good overall situation.
初步核算，前三季度国内生产总值201631亿元，按可比价格计算，同比增长9.9%，比上年同期回落2.3个百分点。其中，第一产业增加值21800亿元，增长4.5%，加快0.2个百分点；第二产业增加值101117亿元，增长10.5%，回落3.0个百分点；第三产业增加值78714亿元，增长10.3%，回落2.4个百分点。
According to preliminary estimation, the gross domestic product (GDP) of China in the first three quarters of this year was 20,163.1 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 9.9 percent, which was 2.3 percentage points lower than that in the same period last year. The value added of the primary industry was 2,180.0 billion yuan, up by 4.5 percent, or 0.2 percentage point higher; that of the secondary industry was 10,111.7 billion yuan, up by 10.5 percent, or 3.0 percentage points lower; and that of the tertiary industry was 7,871.4 billion yuan, up by 10.3 percent, down by 2.4 percentage points.
1.农业生产形势良好，粮食实现连续五年增产。初步统计，夏粮产量12041万吨，同比增长2.6%；早稻产量3158万吨，比上年略增6.2万吨；秋粮在播种面积扩大和单产提高的共同推动下，再获丰收已成定局。粮食总产预计将创造新的历史记录，连续5年增产。棉花和糖料产量基本持平，油料产量恢复性增加。肉类产量继续增加，生猪生产恢复较快。前三季度，生猪出栏增长5.8%，生猪存栏增长6.6%。
1. The situation of agricultural production was good with increase in grain output for five consecutive years. According to preliminary estimation, the total output of summer grain was 120.41 million tons, a year-on-year growth of 2.6 percent; the output of early rice was 31.58 million tons, a slight increase of 62,000 tons over that in the previous year. Due to the increased planting area and improved unit production, a bumper harvest of the autumn grain was a foregone situation. The total output of grain was expected to hit a historic high, leading to a fifth successive year of increase. The output of cotton and meat maintained the same level, the output of oil-bearing seeds increased with recovery nature, that of the meat continued to grow, and the production of pigs made a quick recovery. In the first three quarters of this year, the number of slaughtered pigs grew by 5.8 percent while the total stocks of pigs rose by 6.6 percent.
2.工业生产增长放缓，企业利润稳定增长。前三季度，规模以上工业增加值同比增长15.2%（9月份增长11.4%），比上年同期回落3.3个百分点。分所有制看，国有及国有控股企业增加值增长11.8%，集体企业增长9.6%，股份制企业增长17.5%，外商及港澳台投资企业增长12.7%。分轻重工业看，重工业增长16.0%，轻工业增长13.1%。分地区看，东、中、西部地区分别增长13.6%、19.2%和17.1%。工业产销衔接状况良好。前三季度，工业产品销售率为97.8%，与去年同期基本持平。
2. The growth rate of industrial production slowed down while a steady increase of profits was made by enterprises. In the first three quarters of this year, the total value added of the industrial enterprises above designated size was up 15.2 percent year-on-year (growth in September was 11.4 percent), or 3.3 percentage points lower than that in the same period of 2007. Analysis on different types of enterprises showed that the value added growth of the state-owned and state holding enterprises went up by 11.8 percent; collective enterprises, 9.6 percent; share-holding enterprises, 17.5 percent; and 12.7 percent growth for enterprises funded by foreign investors or investors from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan province. The year-on-year growth of heavy industry was 16.0 percent, and 13.1 percent for the light industry. In terms of different areas, the growth in eastern, central and western regions went up by 13.6 percent, 19.2 percent and 17.1 percent respectively. The production and market of industrial products went on well. In the first three quarters of this year, the sales ratio of industrial products was 97.8 percent, which maintained almost the same level over that in the previous year.
1-8月份，全国规模以上工业企业实现利润18685亿元，同比增长19.4%。在39个工业大类中，34个行业利润同比增长。实现利润最多的5个行业分别是：石油和天然气开采业、黑色金属冶炼及压延加工业、煤炭开采和洗选业、化学原料及化学制品制造业、交通运输设备制造业。
In the first eight months of this year, the profits made by industrial enterprises above designated size stood at 1,868.5 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 19.4 percent. Among the 39 industrial divisions, 34 divisions registered year-on-year growth with profits. The top five divisions of profits were petroleum and natural gas exploitation; smelting and pressing of ferrous metals; mining and washing of coal; manufacturing of raw chemical materials and chemical products; and manufacturing of transportation equipment.
3.固定资产投资平稳较快增长，投资结构有所改善。前三季度，全社会固定资产投资116246亿元，同比增长27.0%，比上年同期加快1.3个百分点。其中，城镇固定资产投资99871亿元，增长27.6%（9月份增长29.0%），加快1.2个百分点；农村固定资产投资16375亿元，增长23.3%，加快2.1个百分点。在城镇固定资产投资中，三次产业投资分别增长62.8%、30.2%和24.8%，其中第一产业投资增长同比加快21.7个百分点。分地区看，东、中、西部地区城镇投资分别增长22.7%、35.4%和29.5%，中西部投资增速明显快于东部。
3. Investment in fixed assets enjoyed steady growth with improved investment structure. In the first three quarters of this year, the investment in fixed assets of the country was 11,624.6 billion yuan, a year-on-year growth of 27.0 percent, or a rise of 1.3 percentage points as compared with the growth in the same period last year. The investment in urban areas reached 9,987.1 billion yuan, up by 27.6 percent (29.0 percent growth in September), or 1.2 percentage points higher while that in rural areas was 1,637.5 billion yuan, up by 23.3 percent, or a rise of 2.1 percentage points. The investment in the primary industry, secondary industry and the tertiary industry in urban areas went up by 62.8 percent, 30.2 percent and 24.8 percent respectively; of which, the year-on-year growth of investment in the primary industry was 21.7 percentage points higher. The investment in eastern, central and western regions grew by 22.7 percent, 35.4 percent and 29.5 percent respectively. The growth of investment in central and western regions was apparently faster than that in eastern region.
4.国内市场销售增速继续加快，城乡消费均较快增长。前三季度，社会消费品零售总额77886亿元，同比增长22.0%（9月份增长23.2%），比上年同期加快6.1个百分点。分地区看，城市社会消费品零售额53165亿元，增长22.7%；县及县以下零售额24721亿元，增长20.6%。分行业看，批发和零售业消费品零售额65573亿元，增长22.0%；住宿和餐饮业消费品零售额11055亿元，增长24.8%。
4. Sales on domestic markets continued to accelerate with a rapid growth in both urban and rural areas. In the first three quarters, the total retail sales of consumer goods reached 7,788.6 billion yuan, a year-on-year rise of 22.0 percent (up by 23.2 percent in September) which was 6.1 percentage points higher than that in the same period last year. The retail sales in urban areas reached 5,316.5 billion yuan, up by 22.7 percent, and the retail sales at and below county level stood at 2,472.1 billion yuan, up by 20.6 percent. Grouped by different sectors, the sales by wholesale and retail businesses was 6,557.3 billion yuan, up by 22.0 percent and that by lodging and catering industry was 1,105.5 billion yuan, up by 24.8 percent.
5.居民消费价格涨幅继续放缓，工业品出厂价格涨幅出现回落。前三季度，居民消费价格上涨7.0%（9月份上涨4.6%，比上月回落0.3个百分点），涨幅比上年同期高2.9个百分点，但比上半年回落0.9个百分点。其中，城市上涨6.7%，农村上涨7.7%。分类别看，食品价格上涨17.3%，居住价格上涨7.0%，其余各类商品价格有涨有落。前三季度，商品零售价格同比上涨6.9%（9月份上涨5.3%），涨幅比上年同期高3.7个百分点；工业品出厂价格同比上涨8.3%（9月份上涨9.1%，涨幅比上月回落1.0个百分点），涨幅比上年同期高5.6个百分点；原材料、燃料、动力购进价格上涨12.4%（9月份上涨14.0%），涨幅比上年同期高8.6个百分点；70个大中城市房屋销售价格同比上涨8.5%（9月份上涨3.5%），涨幅比上年同期高1.8个百分点。
5. The growth rate of consumer prices continued to slow down while that of the producers' prices for manufactured goods showed correction. In the first three quarters of this year, the consumer price index went up by 7.0 percent (4.6 percent growth in September and its month-on-month change down by 0.3 percentage point), 2.9 percentage points higher than that in the same period last year, and was, however, 0.9 percentage point lower than that in the first half of this year. The price rose by 6.7 percent in cities and 7.7 percent in rural areas. Grouped by commodity categories, prices for food rose by 17.3 percent, and prices for housing were up by 7.0 percent. Prices for other categories of commodities witnessed slight rises or drops. In the first three quarters of this year, the retail prices of commodities rose by 6.9 percent year on year (a 5.3 percent growth in September), or 3.7 percentage points higher than that in the same period last year. The producers' prices for manufactured goods rose by 8.3 percent (9.1 percent growth in September, or 1.0 percentage point lower over the previous month), which was 5.6 percentage points higher year on year. The purchaser's prices for raw material, fuel and power rose by 12.4 percent (by 14.0 percent in September), or 8.6 percentage points higher than that in the same period last year. The year-on-year growth of the prices for housing in 70 large and medium-sized cities went up by 8.5 percent (3.5 percent up in September), or 1.8 percentage points higher year on year.
6.出口增速有所回落，外商直接投资大幅增加。前三季度，进出口总额19671亿美元，同比增长25.2%，比上年同期加快1.7个百分点。其中，出口额10741亿美元，增长22.3%，回落4.8个百分点；进口额8931亿美元，增长29.0%，加快9.9个百分点。贸易顺差1810亿美元，同比减少47亿美元。前三季度，实际使用外资金额744亿美元，增长39.9%，比上年同期加快29.0个百分点。
6. The growth rate of export dropped to some extent and foreign direct investment increased by a large margin. The total value of imports and exports for the first three quarters was US$ 1,967.1 billion, up 25.2 percent year-on-year, which was 1.7 percentage points higher than that in the same period last year. The value of exports was US$ 1,074.1 billion, up by 22.3 percent, a drop of 4.8 percentage points, and the value of imports was US$ 893.1 billion, up 29.0 percent, a rise of 9.9 percentage points. The trade surplus was US$ 181.0 billion, a decline of US$ 4.7 billion over the same period last year. In the first three quarters of this year, the total value of foreign direct investment actually utilized was US$ 74.4 billion, a year-on-year growth of 39.9 percent, or 29.0 percentage points higher than that in the same period last year.
7.城镇新增就业增加，城乡居民收入继续增长。1-8月份，全国城镇新增就业人员848万人，下岗失业人员实现再就业370万人，就业困难人员实现就业104万人。前三季度，城镇居民人均可支配收入11865元，同比增长14.7%，扣除价格因素，实际增长7.5%；农村居民人均现金收入3971元，增长19.6%，扣除价格因素，实际增长11.0%。
7. New jobs increased in urban areas and the income of urban and rural residents continued to grow. In the first eight months of this year, the total newly increased employment in urban areas was 8.48 million people, the re-employment of laid offs was 3.70 million, and another 1.04 million people who had difficulties in finding jobs were employed. In the first three quarters, the per capita disposable income of urban population was 11865 yuan, a year-on-year growth of 14.7 percent, the real growth was 7.5 percent after deducting price factors. The per capita cash income of rural population was 3,971 yuan, up by 19.6 percent year-on-year, or 11.0 percent growth in real term.
8.货币信贷增速回落，新增存款大幅增加。9月末，广义货币（M2）余额45.3万亿元，同比增长15.3%，比去年同期回落3.2个百分点；狭义货币（M1）15.6万亿元，增长9.4%，回落12.6个百分点；流通中现金（M0）31725亿元，增长9.3%，回落3.7个百分点。金融机构各项贷款余额296477亿元，比年初增加34803亿元，同比多增1201亿元；各项存款余额454942亿元，比年初增加65601亿元，多增18113亿元。前三季度，货币净投放1350亿元，同比少投放608亿元。
8. The growth rate of money supply and credit dropped while the newly increased savings deposits went up by a large margin. By the end of September, the broad money (M2) was 45.3 trillion yuan, a year-on-year growth of 15.3 percent, which was 3.2 percentage points lower. The narrow money (M1) was 15.6 trillion yuan, a rise of 9.4 percent, or 12.6 percentage points lower. The cash in circulation (M0) was 3,172.5 billion yuan, up by 9.3 percent or 3.7 percentage points lower. The amount of outstanding loans of all financial institutions was 29,647.7 billion yuan, increased by 3,480.3 billion yuan over that at the beginning of this year, or an increase of 120.1 billion yuan as compared with the same period last year. The amount of outstanding deposits of all financial institutions was 45,494.2 billion yuan, an increase of 6,560.1 billion yuan over the beginning of the year, or 1,811.3 billion yuan more than the same period last year. In the first three quarters of this year, the net supply of currency was 135.0 billion yuan, a drop of 60.8 billion yuan over that a year ago.
当前经济运行中的突出矛盾和问题主要是国际金融市场动荡多变，世界经济增速明显放缓，国际经济环境中的不确定不稳定因素明显增多，对我国经济的影响不断显现。下阶段要深入贯彻落实科学发展观，按照中央关于经济工作的决策部署，采取灵活审慎的宏观调控政策，进一步增强宏观调控的预见性、针对性、灵活性，促进经济平稳较快增长，保持国内经济金融稳定，努力推动国民经济又好又快发展。
The notable contradictions and problems existing in current economic performance are: the international financial market is turbulent and changeable, the growth rate of world economy slows down noticeably, there are more uncertain and volatile factors in international economic climate, and all these factors start to release their negative impacts on China 's economy. In the coming period, we should thoroughly apply the scientific outlook on development; adopt flexible and prudent macro policies on the basis of the decisions made by the central government on economic work; further enhance the foresight, relevance and flexibility of the macro control; promote a steady and rapid economic growth; maintain the stability of domestic economy and financial market and make our efforts to promote a sound and fast growth of the national economy.
